Income Tax Calculator
2024 tax yearEstimate your US federal income tax, effective rate, and marginal rate from your income and filing status, using 2024 brackets.
Brackets and the standard deduction change yearly — verify the current figures at IRS.gov.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which tax does this estimate?
US federal income tax for 2024, using the standard deduction. It excludes state tax, Social Security/Medicare (FICA), credits, and itemized deductions.
Effective vs marginal rate?
Your marginal rate is the bracket your last dollar falls in; your effective rate is total tax divided by gross income, which is lower because brackets are progressive.
Is this tax advice?
No — it is a simplified estimate. Consult a tax professional or the IRS for your full situation.
Understanding the Income Tax Calculator
This Income Tax Calculator estimates US federal income tax for a tax year using your filing status and taxable income. It applies the IRS progressive bracket schedule to show total tax owed, your effective tax rate (tax divided by income), and your marginal rate (the bracket your last dollar falls in). It is built for employees, freelancers, and anyone planning withholding or quarterly payments. The tool uses 2024 brackets and the 2024 standard deduction; because thresholds change yearly with inflation, verify the current figures at IRS.gov before relying on the result. Results are educational estimates of federal tax only and exclude state tax, credits, and FICA; they are not tax-filing or financial advice.
How it works
Enter your filing status and taxable income (gross income minus the standard or itemized deduction). The calculator runs your income through the seven 2024 federal brackets (10, 12, 22, 24, 32, 35, 37 percent), taxing each slice at its own rate rather than your whole income at the top rate. Summing the per-bracket amounts gives total tax. Effective rate = total tax divided by income, and is always lower than the marginal rate because lower slices are taxed less. The marginal rate is the rate on your next dollar earned. Use effective rate to gauge overall burden and marginal rate for decisions about extra income or deductions. Bracket thresholds and the standard deduction are inflation-adjusted every year, so confirm the tax year at IRS.gov.
Worked example
A single filer with $60,000 taxable income (2024 brackets): 10% on the first $11,600 = $1,160; 12% on $11,600-$47,150 = $4,266; 22% on $47,150-$60,000 = $2,827. Total tax = $8,253. Effective rate = 8,253 / 60,000 = 13.8%. Marginal rate = 22%, because the last dollar sits in the 22% bracket. Note the effective rate (13.8%) is well below the 22% marginal rate, since most income is taxed in the 10% and 12% bands.
Tips & common mistakes
- Enter taxable income (after deductions), not gross salary, or the result will be too high.
- The 2024 standard deduction is $14,600 single and $29,200 married filing jointly; subtract it first.
- This covers federal income tax only; add state tax and 7.65% FICA separately for a full picture.
- Do not confuse marginal and effective rate: a 22% bracket rarely means 22% of total income.
- Bracket thresholds change yearly with inflation, so confirm you are using the correct tax year at IRS.gov.
Sources & methodology
- • IRS — Federal income tax rates and brackets (https://www.irs.gov/filing/federal-income-tax-rates-and-brackets)
- • IRS — Standard deduction amounts (https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/individuals/standard-deduction)
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Reviewed by the TopOpenTools editorial team · Last updated June 2026. These tools provide general estimates for educational purposes only and are not financial, tax, insurance, investment, or medical advice. Verify important decisions with a qualified professional.